From the Ted Talk by Jonathan Butterworth: What's the smallest thing in the universe?
Unscramble the Blue Letters
The nucleus is held together by the strong force, another fundamental force of the Standard Model. Just as photons carry the elnctetiamegroc fcroe, particles called gonuls carry the strong force. Electrons, together with up and down qrukas, seem to be all we need to build atoms and therefore diercbse normal matter. However, high energy experiments reveal that there are actually six quarks– down & up, strange & charm, and btotom & top - and they come in a wide range of msases. The same was found for electrons, which have heavier siblings called the muon and the tau. Why are there three (and only three) different versions of each of these particles? This remains a mystery.
Open Cloze
The nucleus is held together by the strong force, another fundamental force of the Standard Model. Just as photons carry the ____________________, particles called ______ carry the strong force. Electrons, together with up and down ______, seem to be all we need to build atoms and therefore ________ normal matter. However, high energy experiments reveal that there are actually six quarks– down & up, strange & charm, and ______ & top - and they come in a wide range of ______. The same was found for electrons, which have heavier siblings called the muon and the tau. Why are there three (and only three) different versions of each of these particles? This remains a mystery.
Solution
masses
quarks
electromagnetic
describe
gluons
force
bottom
Original Text
The nucleus is held together by the strong force, another fundamental force of the Standard Model. Just as photons carry the electromagnetic force, particles called gluons carry the strong force. Electrons, together with up and down quarks, seem to be all we need to build atoms and therefore describe normal matter. However, high energy experiments reveal that there are actually six quarks– down & up, strange & charm, and bottom & top - and they come in a wide range of masses. The same was found for electrons, which have heavier siblings called the muon and the tau. Why are there three (and only three) different versions of each of these particles? This remains a mystery.